I recently completed a 12-week online course in palliative care through Stellenbosch University.

I learned more about pain and symptom control in life-limiting conditions. There was also an emphasis on the role of spirituality and religion in end-of-life care.

I realised that I am sometimes reluctant to discuss religion with my patients during end-of-life care. Reflecting on this reluctance, I recognised that it is partly due to a fear that, if my religious experience differs from that of my patient, I might be judged. I also don't want to impose my own views or be judgemental of my patients' religious or spiritual beliefs.

As a result, I have sometimes avoided these discussions altogether.

During the course, I was reminded of a useful tool called FICA, which can help healthcare professionals explore patients' experiences of spirituality and religion:

F - Faith or beliefs: What are your spiritual or religious beliefs?

I - Importance: How important are these beliefs to you?

C - Community: Are you connected to a faith community or other spiritual support network?

A - Address: How can we support you in meeting your spiritual or religious needs?

These are open-ended questions that allow patients to share what matters to them, without the healthcare professional imposing a particular religion or belief system.

I recently provided end-of-life care to a patient who returned to meditation practices he had learnt from his father as a young man. I was able to refer him to the Institute of Mindfulness of South Africa (IMISA) short course in End-of-Life Mindfulness.

In another instance, I was caring for a patient with stage 4 cancer whose expectations of a cure initially seemed unrealistic to me. As we explored his perspective, it became clear how important his Christian faith was to him. He was supported by a small local faith community, and their shared beliefs provided a source of peace and comfort for both him and his wife.

I now use this tool regularly and feel more comfortable exploring spirituality and religion with my patients during end-of-life care. It has reminded me of the importance of approaching these conversations with openness, curiosity and without judgement.

What has your experience been as a healthcare professional in addressing spirituality and religion with your patients?